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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>A fake scarab with cartouche on the base acquired by GH Bourne in 1915 as an imitation item to send home to Australia. The current whereabouts of the artefact is unknown. Bourne acquired a series of genuine and imitation artefacts in Egypt which are listed in a letter from Bourne to his Mother in March 1915.</text>
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                <text>AD 1900 - AD 1915</text>
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                <text>Mr James Donaldson</text>
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                <text>Bourne, GH. (1915). OM68-25 George Herbert Bourne Papers 1846-195. State Library of Queensland, Brisbane. OM68-25-14</text>
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            <name>Provenance</name>
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                <text>Purchased by Maj. George Herbert Bourne, Egypt, Feb-Mar 1915.</text>
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                <text>A fake figurine, said to be a "sacred monkey" acquired by GH Bourne in 1915 as an imitation item to send home to Australia. The current whereabouts of the artefact is unknown. Bourne acquired a series of genuine and imitation artefacts in Egypt which are listed in a letter from Bourne to his Mother in March 1915.</text>
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                <text>Bourne, GH. (1915). OM68-25 George Herbert Bourne Papers 1846-195. State Library of Queensland, Brisbane. OM68-25-14</text>
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                <text>Purchased by Maj. George Herbert Bourne, Egypt, Feb-Mar 1915.</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Fake Shabti</text>
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                <text>A fake shabti or "answerer" figurine acquired by GH Bourne in 1915 as an imitation item to send home to Australia. The current whereabouts of the artefact is unknown. Bourne acquired a series of genuine and imitation artefacts in Egypt which are listed in a letter from Bourne to his Mother in March 1915.</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Modern (Egyptian)</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>AD 1900 - AD 1915</text>
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                <text>Mr James Donaldson</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>Bourne, GH. (1915). OM68-25 George Herbert Bourne Papers 1846-195. State Library of Queensland, Brisbane. OM68-25-14</text>
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                <text>Purchased by Maj. George Herbert Bourne, Egypt, Feb-Mar 1915.</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>A fake shabti or "answerer" figurine acquired by GH Bourne in 1915 as an imitation item to send home to Australia. The current whereabouts of the artefact is unknown. Bourne acquired a series of genuine and imitation artefacts in Egypt which are listed in a letter from Bourne to his Mother in March 1915.</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Modern (Egyptian)</text>
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                <text>Mr James Donaldson</text>
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                <text>Bourne, GH. (1915). OM68-25 George Herbert Bourne Papers 1846-195. State Library of Queensland, Brisbane. OM68-25-14</text>
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            <name>Provenance</name>
            <description>A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.</description>
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                <text>Purchased by Maj. George Herbert Bourne, Egypt, Feb-Mar 1915.</text>
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            <name>Accrual Method</name>
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                <text>Purchase</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>An Egyptian shabti figurine, described as an "answerer" in "blue enamel", broken, it was purchased from the sale room of the Cairo Museum in 1915 by George Herbert Bourne. This artefact was sent home to Australia in March 1915 but its current whereabouts is unknown. In his "What to Know in Egypt: A Guide for Australasian Soldiers" CW Bean recommends service personnel visit the Cairo Museum to purchase genuine antiquities, rather than relying on vendors. Bourne acquired several artefacts in this way, and also acquired items of ethnographic and natural history interest, along with several replica antiquities. These items were all listed in a letter from Bourne to his Mother in March 1915.</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Second Intermediate period (Egyptian)</text>
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                <text>Bourne, GH. (1915). OM68-25 George Herbert Bourne Papers 1846-195. State Library of Queensland, Brisbane. OM68-25-14</text>
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                <text>Bean, C. E. W. (1915). What to know in Egypt : a guide for Australasian soldiers. Societe Orientale de Publicite. </text>
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            <name>Provenance</name>
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                <text>Purchased by Maj. George Herbert Bourne, from the Cairo Museum, Egypt, Feb-Mar 1915.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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      <name>Physical Object</name>
      <description>An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Sphero-Conical Vessel</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>A Fatimid sphero-conical vessel with a dark brown to purple slip, worn in many places on the body to show a yellow fabric. The rim is thick  and inverted, on top of a thinner neck. The mouth has only a small opening. The main body of the vessel is ovoid, truncated at the shoulder, which is sharply defined and joins the neck almost horizontally. The body is undecorated and the base is convex with spiral ridges consistent with a vessel thrown quickly on the wheel and not trimmed.&#13;
&#13;
This kind of vessel was long considered to be a kind of hand grenade used with 'Greek fire', but the identification is now questioned. Many types are known from across the Islamic world, from the 9th to 15th centuries. An undecorated example in the Victoria and Albert Museum in London is a very close parallel to the shape, but with a colouration tending towards brown (C.884-1919). It is also from Fustat, acquired in 1919, and dates to the 10th - 11th centuries. A salt-glazed example in the British Museum (OA+.14412), dated to the 12th - 13th centuries, parallels the relief collar on the neck of the vessel.&#13;
&#13;
The vessel is from Ali Bey Bahgat's early operations at Fustat (Old Cairo). It was acquired from the Museum of Arab Art in Cairo, where Bahgat was curator, by  Comte Corporal Gontran Louis Henri Marie Philippe de Tournouër in 1915 or 1916. De Tournouer acquired six other early Islamic antiquities from Bahgat and all are said to come from a house excavated at Fustat at a depth of 50 feet. These excavations, started in 1912, were little more than recovery operations until Baghat secured funding to excavate more formally in 1918. The precise archaeological context for the discovery of the vessel is therefore unknown and the sale of duplicate artefacts from the Museum collections was a common practice at the time. De Tournouer donated his collection to the Queensland Museum in 1917 after being invalided home from the First World War. </text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>AD 900 - AD 1100</text>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>Mr James Donaldson</text>
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                <text>Dr Brit Asmussen</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
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                <text>Height: 79 mm</text>
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                <text>Width: 62 mm</text>
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                <text>Depth: 62 mm</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Vessel</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>C.008.007</text>
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                <text>Old Cairo, Cairo, Egypt</text>
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            <name>Medium</name>
            <description>The material or physical carrier of the resource.</description>
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                <text>Terracotta</text>
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            <name>Bibliographic Citation</name>
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                <text>Reid, D. M. (2019). Contesting antiquity in Egypt : archaeologies, museums &amp; the struggle for identities from World War I to Nasser. American University in Cairo Press</text>
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                <text>Wodzinska, A. (2010). A Manual of Egyptian Pottery Volume 4: Ptolemaic through Modern Period. Ancient Egypt Research Associates. Medieval Types 142-3.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1505">
                <text>Sphero-Conical Vessel. (900-1100). [Sphero-conical vessel, earthenware, stamped decoration]. Victoria &amp; Albert Museum, London. C.884-1919=collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O345760/sphero-conical-vessel-unknown/</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1506">
                <text>Aeolipile. (12th-13th Century). [Aeolipile. Spheroconic vessel/aeolipile with relief collar at the neck with incised chevron ornament.]. British Museum, London. OA+.14412=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/W_OA-14412</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1507">
                <text>Stanley, T., Pinder-Wilson, R.H.,Savage-Smith, E., &amp; Maddison, F.R. (1997). Science, tools &amp; magic, Volume II. Oxford University Press.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1508">
                <text>Queensland Museum Donor Schedule #17/159 (1917).</text>
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                <text>Queensland Museum Outward Correspondence #00138 (1917).</text>
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                <text>Queensland Museum Inwards Correspondence #00509 (1917)</text>
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                <text>Ettinghausen, R. (1965). The Uses of Sphero-Conical Vessels in the Muslim East. Journal of Near Eastern Studies, 24(3), 218–229. http://www.jstor.org/stable/543124</text>
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                <text>Sharvit, J., Tzaferis, V., Israeli, S., Basson, U., Berman, A., Bijovsky, G., Dekkel, A., Ginzburg, A., Khamis, E., Sharon, M., &amp; Wilson, J. F. (2008). The Sphero-Conical Vessels. In Paneas II: Small Finds and Other Studies (Vol. 38, pp. 101–112). Israel Antiquities Authority. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1fzhd6d.7</text>
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            <name>Provenance</name>
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Part of the Museum of Arab Art Collection, Cairo, Egypt, until c. 1915-1916. &#13;
Transferred by Ali Bey Baghat, Curator, Museum of Arab Art, Cairo, Egypt, to Comte Cpl. Gontran de Tournouer, c. 1915-1916. &#13;
Donated by Comte Cpl. Gontran de Tournouer, Brisbane, to the Queensland Museum, Brisbane, 1922. </text>
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            <name>Rights Holder</name>
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                <text>Queensland Museum, Brisbane</text>
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            <name>License</name>
            <description>A legal document giving official permission to do something with the resource.</description>
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                <text>© Queensland Museum, Peter Waddington. &#13;
</text>
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